Agnes Fauske

• Hart, Rannveig Kaldager; Bergsvik, Janna; Fauske, Agnes & Kim, Wookun (2024). Causal Analysis of Policy Effects on Fertility. In Zimmermann, Klaus F. (Eds.), Handbook of Labor, Human Resources and Population Economics. Springer. ISSN 978-3-319-57365-6. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-57365-6_451-1. Show summary

  This chapter reviews the literature on the causal effects of policies on fertility. It focuses on evidence from experiments and quasi-experiments in low fertility contexts, including studies from Europe, Northern America, Oceania, and Asia. Making no a priori restrictions on policy type, the review encompasses evaluations of parental leave, childcare, health insurance, and financial incentives such as child transfers. Childcare expansions increase completed fertility. Financial incentives had positive effects on fertility across contexts, both in the short and long run. Expansions of parental leave rights in Central Europe, and introduction of parental leave in the USA, also had positive effects. Distributional effects of these policies are very different, with parental leave compensation benefiting high-earning couples, while expansions of childcare programs have potential to reduce social inequalities. Publicly funded assisted reproduction can increase fertility for women over the age of 35.

• Fauske, Agnes (2023). The influence of societal changes on the contribution of genetics to fertility behavior. SocArXiv. doi: 10.31235/osf.io/wmsq6.
• Bergsvik, Janna; Fauske, Agnes & Hart, Rannveig Kaldager (2021). Can Policies Stall the Fertility Fall? A Systematic Review of the (Quasi‐) Experimental Literature. Population and Development Review. ISSN 0098-7921. 47(4), p. 913–964. doi: 10.1111/padr.12431. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  In the course of the twentieth century, social scientists and policy analysts have produced a large volume of literature on whether policies boost fertility. This paper describes the results of a systematic review of the literature on the effects of policy on fertility since 1970 in Europe, the United States,Canada, and Australia. Empirical studies were selected through extensive systematic searches, including studies using an experimental or quasi‐experimental design. Thirty‐five studies were included, covering reforms of parental leave, childcare, health services, and universal child transfers. In line with previous reviews, we find that childcare expansions increase completed fertility, while increased cash transfers have temporary effects. New evidence on parental leave expansions, particularly from Central Europe, suggests larger effects than previously established. High‐earning couples benefit more from parental leave expansions, while expanding childcare programs can reduce social inequalities on other domains. Subsidizing assisted reproductive treatments shows some promise of increasing birth rates for women over the age of 35. Countries that to date have limited support for families can build on solid evidence if they choose to expand these programs.

• Fauske, Agnes; Hart, Rannveig Kaldager & Bergsvik, Janna (2019). Protocol for ‘Effects of policy on fertility: A systematic review of (quasi)experiments.’. SocArXiv. doi: 10.31235/osf.io/t8vsg.

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• Rogne, Adrian Farner; Fauske, Agnes & Hart, Rannveig Kaldager (2024). Educational expansions and fertility: Evidence from Norwegian college reforms. SocArXiv. doi: 10.31235/osf.io/dkt8a.
• Hart, Rannveig Kaldager; Bergsvik, Janna; Fauske, Agnes & Kim, Wookun (2024). Causal analysis of policy effects on fertility.
• Hart, Rannveig Kaldager; Bergsvik, Janna; Fauske, Agnes & Kim, Wookun (2023). Causal Analysis of Policy Effects on Fertility. CESifo Working Papers. ISSN 1617-9595. Show summary

  This chapter reviews the literature on the causal effects of policies on fertility. It focuses on evidence from experiments and quasi-experiments in low fertility contexts, including studies from Europe, Northern America, Oceania and Asia. Making no a priori restrictions on policy type, the review encompasses evaluations of parental leave, childcare, health insurance, and financial incentives such as child transfers. Childcare expansions increase completed fertility. Financial incentives had positive effects on fertility across contexts, both in the short and long run. Expansions of parental leave rights in Central Europe, and introduction of parental leave in the U.S., also had positive effects. Distributional effects of these policies are very different, with parental leave compensation benefiting high-earning couples, while expansions of child care programs have potential to reduce social inequalities.

• Bergsvik, Janna; Fauske, Agnes & Hart, Rannveig Kaldager (2020). Policy effects on fertility: A systematic review of (quasi)experiments. SSB - Discussion papers. ISSN 0809-733X.

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