Elisabeth Christie Ørke

• Ørke, Elisabeth Christie; Bjørkly, Stål; Dufort, Mariana & Vatnar, Solveig Karin Bø (2021). Attachment characteristics among women victimized in no, one, and multiple IPV relationships : a case–control study. Violence against Women. ISSN 1077-8012. 27(15/16), p. 2945–2970. doi: 10.1177/1077801220981157. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This cross-sectional study compared attachment characteristics among women victimized by intimate partner violence (IPV) in no, one, and multiple relationships (N = 154). Results indicated that compared with the nonvictimized, victimized women had increased likelihood of higher attachment avoidance. Compared with women victimized in one relationship, women victimized in multiple relationships had higher likelihood of higher attachment anxiety scores. Adjusting for childhood adversities, childhood sexual abuse was an independent risk factor for IPV. Childhood emotional abuse mediated the association between attachment anxiety and IPV victimization in multiple relationships in particular. Attachment theory appeared useful for better understanding women’s vulnerability for multiple violent relationships. Keywords: intimate partner violence (IPV), multiple partners (MP), attachment, childhood emotional abuse

• Ørke, Elisabeth Christie; Bjørkly, Stål & Vatnar, Solveig Karin Bø (2020). IPV characteristics, childhood violence, and adversities as risk factors for being victimized in multiple IPV relationships . Journal of Interpersonal Violence. ISSN 0886-2605. 37(3/4), p. NP1988–NP2011. doi: 10.1177/0886260520933037. Show summary

  Empirical knowledge regarding risk factors for intimate partner violence (IPV) from multiple partners (MP) is scarce and sought by clinicians and many women themselves for the prevention of future intimate partner violence relationships (IPVRs). Quantitative data were obtained through a structured interview with a stratified sample of help-seeking women (N = 154) with no (n = 48, 0IPVR), one (n = 55, 1IPVR), or multiple (n = 51, 2IPVR) IPVRs. This study investigated the association between (a) childhood family violence, (b) other childhood adversities, (c) victimization and perpetration of IPV in the last (index) relationship, and (d) controlling sociodemographic and contextual variables, and the following dependent variables: (a) women with 1IPVR and 2IPVR compared with 0IPVR and (b) women with 1IPVR compared with 2IPVR. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that, compared with nonvictimized women, IPV victimized women were nearly three times more likely to report childhood sexual abuse. They also reported a higher frequency of peer victimization and a higher likelihood of having an immigrant partner. In addition, the length of the index relationship was shorter for IPV victimized women. Compared with women with 1IPVR, women with IPV by MP were more likely to report childhood emotional abuse and less education, and they were less likely to be immigrants. The two groups of IPV victimized women were indistinguishable regarding characteristics of victimization and perpetration of IPV. This study indicated that there were other risk factors for IPV by MP than for IPV in general and highlighted the importance of addressing parenting and emotional care in IPV families. Keywords: intimate partner violence, risk, multiple partners, childhood emotional abuse, sexual abuse, peer victimization

• Ørke, Elisabeth Christie; Vatnar, Solveig Karin Bø & Bjørkly, Stål (2018). Risk for revictimization of intimate partner violence by multiple partners : a systematic review. Journal of Family Violence. ISSN 0885-7482. 33(5), p. 325–339. doi: 10.1007/s10896-018-9952-9. Show summary

  Are victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) by multiple partners (MP) different from victims of IPV by one partner? Are there different victim-related risk factors for IPV by MP? This systematic literature review identified seven empirical studies that related to these issues. The review findings indicated that (1) empirical research on IPV by MP appears to be scarce, with only limited recent development; (2) there were significant differences between women who had been subjected to IPV in a single relationship and women with IPV by MP; (3) IPV by MP was significantly associated with childhood domestic trauma, drug abuse, IPV characteristics, and attachment style; (4) regarding PTSD and personality disorders, the results were mixed and inconclusive; and (5) depression did not appear as a salient risk factor for IPV by MP. Interpretations must be made cautiously because of the wide diversity in measurement approaches. It is important that service personnel and researchers attend with increased awareness to women with IPV by MP. Keywords: intimate partner violence, domestic violence, multiple partners, revictimization, risk, vulnerability, multiple victimization 

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• Ørke, Elisabeth Christie; Vatnar, Solveig Karin Bø & Bjørkly, Stål (2019). A comparison of women with one or multiple IPV relationships regarding previous domestic violence .
• Ørke, Elisabeth Christie; Vatnar, Solveig Karin Bø & Bjørkly, Stål (2019). Risk of intimate partner violence by multiple partners : what do we know so far? . Show summary

  This comparative study investigates victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) by multiple partners (MP) and victims of IPV by one partner. We look for group differences and if there are victim-related risk factors for IPV by MP. Through a systematic literature review, we have identified some categories of risk factors: history of childhood domestic trauma, drug abuse, IPV characteristics, and attachment style. These categories are now being tested applying a sample of (N=150) women with no (n = 50), one (n = 50) and multiple (n =50) violent successive partners. Preliminary results will be discussed in the oral presentation.

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