In light of these profound transformations, some individuals may exhibit heightened vulnerability to the onset of mental health disorders. It is imperative to elucidate the factors that serve as protective shields against psychological distress during the perinatal period, as well as those that render individuals more susceptible. These factors can exert a substantial influence on the developmental trajectories of children.
Within the framework of the Liten i Norge study, we have ascertained that men with a history of traumatic or challenging childhood experiences are at an increased risk of developing anxiety and depressive symptomatology during their partner's pregnancy. Additionally, our findings indicate that, for women afflicted by postpartum depression, symptoms often manifest during pregnancy itself. Notably, there are considerable variations in the onset and duration of these symptoms.
For parents who describe experiencing stress in their parental roles, by feeling that their parenting duties exceeded their available resources, we have identified numerous factors during pregnancy that contribute to vulnerability. For instance, we have observed that insecurity within the couple's relationship, a history of challenging childhood experiences, and having a child with a more "difficult" temperament are all associated with the development of parental stress.